Men’s Health Alert: How Low Testosterone Affects Mortality Risk
Recent research has revealed a concerning connection between low testosterone levels in men and a heightened risk of both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and overall mortality. A systematic review published on May 13, 2024, in the Annals of Internal Medicine emphasizes that men with low testosterone may face increased mortality risks, particularly from heart-related issues.
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Understanding the Link Between Low Testosterone and Mortality
Testosterone is a vital hormone that plays several roles in the male body, influencing not only sexual health but also muscle mass, bone density, and mood regulation. While low testosterone is often associated with decreased libido and erectile dysfunction, emerging evidence suggests it may also be a significant factor in overall health and longevity.
The systematic review involved an analysis of 11 studies, incorporating data from around 24,000 participants, to investigate the impact of testosterone levels on mortality risk in older men. The researchers found that men with total testosterone levels below 7.4 nmol/L (213 ng/dL) exhibited an increased risk of death from any cause. Moreover, those with particularly low testosterone levels (below 5.3 nmol/L or 153 ng/dL) faced an even greater risk of dying specifically from cardiovascular disease.
Exploring the Mechanisms Behind Increased Risk
Dr. Karen Eilber, a urologist who did not participate in the study, noted that while the association between low testosterone and increased mortality risk is evident, it is still unclear whether low testosterone directly contributes to health deterioration or merely serves as an indicator of overall poor health. One proposed explanation for the link is that low testosterone can lead to a reduction in muscle mass and an increase in body fat, both of which are recognized risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
In addition to physical changes, low testosterone levels may also correlate with other health issues such as mood disorders and fatigue. These factors can create a cycle of declining health, making it more challenging for affected individuals to engage in the physical activities that support heart health.
Health Risks Associated with Low Testosterone
Dr. S. Adam Ramin, a board-certified urologist not involved in the research, highlighted that the ramifications of low testosterone extend beyond sexual health. He stated, “While low testosterone can lead to diminished sexual desire and erectile dysfunction, it is also linked to several systemic health problems.” Among these issues are decreased bone density, muscle loss, weight gain, mood swings, chronic fatigue, and a potential increase in the likelihood of heart attacks and strokes.
These findings suggest that addressing low testosterone could play a crucial role in improving overall health outcomes for men, especially as they age.
Testing for Low Testosterone Levels
To determine if testosterone levels are low, individuals need to undergo a simple blood test. Dr. Eilber recommends having this test conducted in the morning when testosterone levels are typically at their peak. It’s essential to understand the difference between total testosterone, which measures all testosterone in the bloodstream, and free testosterone, which represents the bioavailable form that the body can readily use.
If blood tests indicate low testosterone levels, healthcare providers can offer guidance on next steps.
Strategies to Manage Low Testosterone
For men diagnosed with low testosterone, several lifestyle changes can help raise levels naturally. Dr. Ramin suggests the following strategies:
- Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight can positively impact testosterone levels.
- Quality Sleep: Prioritizing sufficient sleep is crucial for hormonal balance.
- Nutritional Choices: Eating a balanced diet rich in whole foods while avoiding processed items can support overall health.
- Exercise: Engaging in regular cardiovascular and strength-training activities for at least 30-45 minutes, three times a week, can boost testosterone levels.
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- Hydration: Drinking adequate amounts of water daily, aiming for at least 2 liters, is important.
- Moderate alcohol intake: reducing alcohol consumption can also help improve hormone levels.
- Supplementation: Certain supplements like vitamin D3 and DHEA may provide benefits, but DHEA should be used under medical supervision due to potential risks.
For those who find lifestyle changes insufficient, doctors can discuss testosterone therapy options, which may include oral medications, injections, or transdermal applications like gels or patches
